Uzair, according to what came in Islam, is a righteous man, while the Jews consider him to be one of the prophets of the Children of Israel. His story is mentioned in the Qur’an that God made him die for a hundred years and then resurrected him in his well-known story contained in Surat Al-Baqara, and Al-Uzair renewed the religion of monotheism for the children of Israel and taught them the Torah after they had forgotten it.
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He is Uzair (Ezra) bin Shariya bin Khalqiya bin Azriyeh bin Shalom bin Saduq bin Akhtab bin Amriyah bin Azriyah bin Yohanan bin Azriyah bin Ahimaaz bin Saduq bin Akhtab bin Amriyah bin Mariot bin Zariyah bin Uzzi bin Baqqi bin Abishua bin Phinehas bin Ezzar bin the Prophet of God Aaron, the son of Imran, the son of Kahath, the son of Levi, the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham.
his biography
Days passed on the children of Israel in Palestine, and they deviated a lot from the approach of God Almighty. With God's unseen knowledge, God wanted to renew their religion, after they lost the Torah and forgot many of its verses. Uzair passed by this village - which is Bayt al-Maqdis according to the famous, after Bukhtinsar destroyed it and killed its people - and it was empty with no one in it. Its revolution, the severity of its ruin, and its distance from returning to what it was.
Uzair in Islam
Uzair was a righteous man who memorized the Torah, so while he was walking on his donkey for a while, Uzair passed by an empty village with no people. He stood in amazement, and said: (How can God revive this woman after her death), so God made him die a hundred years. God took his soul while he was asleep, then resurrected him. Uzair woke up from his sleep. So God sent him an angel in the form of a human being: (He said how long did you stay). Uzair replied: (He said I stayed a day or part of a day). I slept a day or part of the day. The king's individual: (He said, "Rather, I stayed a hundred years"). And the king follows, referring to the miracles of God Almighty (so look at your food and drink when it has not deteriorated, and look at your donkey) He commanded him to look at his food that had been with him for a hundred years, and he saw it intact as he left it, it did not stink and its taste or smell did not change. Then he pointed to his donkey, and he saw that it had died and turned into skin and bone. Then the king explained to him the secret in that (and let us make you a sign for the people). And he concludes his speech with a strange matter (And look at the bones, how we open them and then clothe them with flesh). I know that God is over all Powerful thing). Then he went out to the village and saw that it had been built and filled with people. He asked them: Do you know Uzair? They said: Yes, we know him, and he died a hundred years ago. He said to them: I am Uzair. They denied it. Then they brought an old woman, and asked her about his description, so she described him to them, so they were sure that he was Uzair. So he taught them the Torah and renewed it for them, so people began to accept him and this religion again, and they loved him with great love and sanctified him for the miracles that appeared in him, until their sanctification of him reached that they said about him that he was the son of God (and the Jews said Uzair is the son of God). And God mentioned this story of his in Surat Al-Baqarah verse 259, where he said: Or like the one who passed by a village that was empty of its thrones, he said, “How can God give life to this city after its death?” God died a hundred years, then resurrected him. He said, "How long did I stay?" He said, "I stayed a day or part of a day." He said, "Rather, I stayed a hundred years, so look." To your food and drink was not available, and look at your donkey, and let us make you a sign for the people, and look at the bones, how we spread them. They clothed it with flesh, and when it became clear to him, he said: I know that God has power over all things.
It is common in the Hebrew thought that Uzair is the son of God, and this is contrary to the views of Muslims. Professor David Waynes, a professor of Islamic studies, finds no evidence to support this claim. Professor John Kaltner, a professor of Christian and Islamic affairs, shares his opinion, adding that there is no evidence that the Jews of Medina carried the idea of Uzair's sonship.
There is a belief that the Jews of Yemen are the ones who attributed the sonship of Al-Uzair to God, and this appears in one of the opinions of Ibn Hazm Al-Andalusi, which says that there are some Yemeni Jews who believe that Uzair is only the son of God (although he did not live in Yemen). However, there is no evidence that this group of Jews existed. Moreover, Ibn Hazm’s theory appears abnormal, especially when looking at the article (Yemen) in the Jewish Encyclopedia, as the Jews of Yemen are not named after him, and this is due to what was mentioned in their accounts of Ezra’s curse on them (i.e. the Jews of Yemen) to become poor because they did not deport to Israel . What makes this theory more abnormal is what was mentioned in the Book of Ezra, which is acknowledged by the Jews, by mentioning the name of his father (Saraya), so some orientalists, such as Charles Toury, believe that Islam is the only religion with a monotheistic character.
While we find that the position of some interpreters of the Holy Qur’an proceeds in a manner similar to the previous opinions. Al-Qurtubi, for example, commented on this issue by saying: (This is a word that came out in general and its meaning is specific, because not all Jews said that, and this is like His saying, the Most High: God's children, and He is the best disposer of affairs Surah Al Imran, verse 173. And it was said: Those who used to say it were in a time when they had passed, and this is directed towards slandering them because some of them had said it, and this saying was supported by discussion, so he said: (There is no Jew left to say it, but they have become extinct). In the book Interpretation of the Waseet in the Interpretation of the Noble Qur’an by Muhammad Sayyid Tantawi, he says: (The interpreters mentioned here several sayings about the reasons that led the Jews to say “Uzair is the son of God.” Most of these sayings are not supported by reason or transmission, and therefore we have forgiven them). Continuing (And He attributed - Glory be to Him - the saying to all the Jews, although the one who said that was some of them, because those who did not say that did not deny others what they said, so they were participants in their sin and misguidance, and the consequent punishment).
The researcher in the comparison of religions d. Sami Al-Amiri goes because Uzair is the one who changed the Torah and worked on forming the Five Books from four different sources after they had been lost. And he comes with a text from the Old Testament in the Targum of Malachi indicating that Ezra is an angel, and the angels are the sons of God in the belief of the Jews. And this is what is meant by the saying of the Qur’an, and the Jews said, “Uzair is the son of God.” To his saying, they imitate the saying of those who disbelieved before.
Tomb and mausoleum
In the city of Al-Eizariya, east of occupied Jerusalem, there is a tomb believed to be that of Al-Azir, peace be upon him, and adjacent to it is Al-Azir Mosque, and next to it is also the Greek Orthodox Church.
It is believed that the tomb of Al-Uzair is located in Al-Amarah Governorate, southern Iraq.