The story of the owners of the elephant begins in Yemen
You do not intend that the Abyssinians meet one another and annihilate them between us, so bring it out to me, and I will bring it out to you. His companion was wounded, his soldiers turned to him. So he sent him Ariat: You have done justice. So Ariat came out, and he was a great man, tall and handsome, with a spear in his hand, and Abraha came out to him, and he was a short man. Adra was a meticulous and steadfast man, and he was a follower of Christianity, and Abraha succeeded a
servant who looked after him, who was called Utuda.
one of them came close to the one who raised arias the spear, and he struck Abraha's head with it, intending to strike his
fontanel, and the spear unconsciously fell on Abraha's forehead, smashing his eyebrows and he became. it, his nose, and his lips; That is why Abraha was named Al-Ashram, and Abraha's servant, Otuda, carried Ariat from behind Abraha, and smashed him with a spear.
So he killed him, and Ariat's army turned to Abraha, so the Ethiopians gathered against him in Yemen, and what Abraha did was Ariat killed him without knowing Al-Najashi, the king of Abyssinia in the land of Axum from the country of Abyssinia, when he heard this, he became very angry and said: Except for Umm He saw without my order and killed him? Then the Negus swore that he would not let Abraha go until he had set foot on his land and cut his forelock. When this reached Abraha, he shaved his head, then filled a sack with soil from the land of Yemen, then sent it to the Negus, and wrote: To him: O king, he was your servant Aryat, and I am your servant, we disagreed about your command, and we all obeyed you, except if I was stronger over Abyssinia I shaved all my head when I was informed of the king's oath, and I sent it to him with c. dust from the soil of my land; to put it under his feet, so that he may justify his oath
. When this ended with the Negus, he was pleased with him, and wrote to him that I should be firm in the land of Yemen until my command comes to you.. So Abraha resided in Yemen, and Abraha built a church near that al-Qulais [13] in Sana'a, next to a church sheathing, and secured it. And he named it al-Qalis, and wrote to the Negus, the king of Abyssinia: I have built for you a church the like of which was not built for a king before.
I am not grateful to you until I direct the pilgrimage of the Arabs to it.”[14
: Rivalry between Yemen and Mecca
The competition between Yemen and Mecca could be commercial or political, but it is not religious. Despite the Christianity of Abyssinia and Yemen at the time, and their superiority in terms of belief over the pagan Arabs and Quraysh, they did not come for a religious Christian goal, otherwise the religious position would have been with them, so they came To destroy the Kaaba, not to convert the pagans to Christianity, and therefore God Almighty fought them, and the matter ended with the destruction of their army.
Scholars differed about the direct reason why the armies were moved, and it was the contamination of one of the Quraishites of the church of al-Qalis, or the burning of some Quraishites of a church in Abyssinia, and in the end, the Emir of Yemen , Abraha al-Ashram, decided, under the direction of the Negus, King of Abyssinia, to
demolish the Kaaba using a large army led by an elephant (15)
Yemeni army in Mecca:
The people of Makkah went out to the mountains, and Abd al-Muttalib went out to meet Abraha: and the most correct narrations about that came from Ibn Abbas, he said: “The owners of the elephant approached, until when they approached Makkah, Abd al-Mutal met them.” B, and he said to their king:
What brought you to us? Have you not been sent so we can bring you everything? He said: I was informed of this house, which no one enters except security, so I came to frighten its people, so he said: We will bring you whatever you want, go back, but he refused but to enter it, and set out walking towards it, and Abd al-Muttalib lagged behind, so he stood on a mountain, He said: I will not witness your death This house and its occupants, then he said:
Oh God, for every god there is a lawful... So prevent your lawful (the halal is the plural of a lawful one, and here it means the people who live in a specific place They do not prevail over their positions.. never your limits
Abd al-Muttalib's position in ordering camels:
According to the narration of Ibn Ishaq without a chain of transmission, and it is with Al-Bayhaqi in the evidence of prophecy [17] on the authority of Ibn Ishaq as well (18) Then Abraha's advances were a blessing to the Quraysh, with two hundred camels belonging to Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, when they Hajib Abraha was a man from the Ash'aris, and he had a servant, Abd al-Muttalib. Arafah before that, when Abdul Muttalib came to him, Al-Ash'ari said: What do you need
? He said: I need you to ask permission for me to visit the king. So his chamberlain entered upon him and said to him: O king, the chief of Quraysh has come to you, who feeds his female in the plain and her beast in the sea. rather. He said: Permit him
. Abd al-Muttalib was a strong, handsome man, so he permitted him to enter upon him, and when Abu Yaksum saw him, he exhorted him to honor He was under him, and he did not like to sit with him on his bed, so he got off his bed and sat on the floor, and Abdul Muttalib sat down.
with him, then he said: What do you need? He said: I need two hundred camels, which I got from your introduction. Abu Yaksum said: By God, I saw you and impressed me, then I spoke, so I rejected you. He said to him: Why, O king? He said: Because I came to a house that is your protection from the Arabs, and your virtue among people, and your honor over them, and your religion that made you tired Don,
I came to break it, and I got two hundred camels for you, so I asked you about your need, so you spoke to me about your camels, and you didn't ask me about my death! Abd al-Muttalib said to him: O king, I am only talking to you about my money, and this house has a Lord who is preventing it. I am not one of them. He is in something. Abu Yaxum ruled that and ordered the return of Abd al-Muttalib's camels against him.
:(if true ) Commentary on Abd al-Muttalib's position:
I had criticized Abd al-Muttalib's position before that, and stated that the duty was to defend the Sacred House, but in reality what Abd al-Muttalib did was the right thing, because all the people of Makkah had no power with a tractor army like the army of Abraha, and then asking for looted camels is considered appropriate, especially He delivered a message to Abraha that drew his attention to the value of the Kaaba, and the power of the Lord who magnified it. This message affected Abraha, so he returned the camels to Abd al-Muttalib, and he was able to take them. And Ibn Ishaq also has the same weak chain of narrators: “Quraysh, Kinana, Hudhail, and those who were in that sanctuary understood to fight it, then they knew that they had no power over it, so they left it.
Army in Wadi Muhasir:
This valley is between Muzdalifah and Mina, and it is said that the army passed through it, so it was besieged in it, and the army became exhausted, i.e. it was hit in this valley, and some historians believe that the army did not enter the sanctuary of Makkah at all, and it is known that the Sunnah is to speed up a little in walking in this valley, but the scholars differ. In explaining the reason, and whether it was the destruction of the owners of the elephant, or the death of a man who hunted in it, or because it was a stop for the Christians, or something else, Badr al-Din al-Ayni presented these opinions in Umdat al-Qari, as if he preferred to confine the owners of the elephant to it (19).
And in the authentic narration of Ibn Abbas:Then it came like a cloud from the sea until the birds of Ababil overshadowed them, of which God, the Blessed and Exalted, said: You will shoot them with stones from shale, he said: So he made the elephant eat calf [20] and made them like edible chaff [21]. [22 ]